Abstract: Objective：To study on the counts of microvessel(MV) and mast cell(MC) in the tissues of primary hepatocarcinoma(PHC) and detect the relation to the clinicopathological features of PHC,and the relationship between the counts of MC and MV.Methods：The stains of MV and MC were completed by the immunohistochemical method of avidin-biotin complex in routine paraffin-embedded sections from 47 cases with PHC.Results：The count means of MV and MC in the cancer tissues were significantly higher than that in the peri-cancerous tissues(MV,67.30±13.68/HP vs.37.20±10.58 /HP,p<0.01;MC,15.64±4.54/HP vs 8.08±2.03 /HP,p<0.01);the count of MV in the patients with AFU(pre-operation) ≤10　μg/mL  in serum(70.41±13.03) was significantly higher than that whose AFU >10 μg/mL(59.97±12.69)(p<0.05) and the count of MV in the patients with metastasis(73.50±13.77) was significantly higher than that of non-metastasis(64.10±12.68) (p<0.05).There were no correlation among the count of MV,MC and the other main clinicopathological features of PHC;the count of MC was significantly correlated with the count of MV（r=0.348，p<0.05）.Conclusions：The count of MC and MV might be closely related to the carcinogenesis and the progress of PHC;MC might be closely related to enhance the tumor angiogenesis.

Key words: primary hepatocarcinoma, microvessel, mast cell, count, immunohistochemistry