Abstract: Through the analysis of historical data about seventeen paleolithic human sites and nine Pleistocene Epoch mammal petrifaction sites of Yuanshui and Lishui drainage area in northwest area of Hunan Province,and according to the field work,at present the aurthors have predominated a large number of data,including a Shimen Homo sapiens thighbone petrifaction,nine kinds of paleolith,mammiferous fauna petrifaction eight items thirty-six genus.The authors research the evolutive rule of paleolith,the biologic sort and compounding form of mammal petrifaction.The result not only reveals the evolutive rule,geographical vicissitude and climate reforger of prehistoric human in northwest area of Hunan province,but also reveals their relationship with the environment.

Key words: northwest Hunan, fossil human, paleontology