Abstract: Objective:Investigating the profile and its forming mechanism for split trace of mammalian bone fossils of Pleistocene Epoch in Menghu cavity at Duanlong village,Guzhang county,western area of Hunan Province,and exploring the remains of Palaeohuman activitiy in this region.Methods:The profiles of split trace of mammal fauna bone fossils were identified,which gave assistance to distinguish manufacture imprints of Palaeohuman from bite marks of carnivorous fauna.Results:The profiles of split trace of 40 bone fossil samples respectively from Stegodon orientalis,Chinese rhinoceros,Cervus and other mammalian fauna were identified,some of them were found blunt and might be rodent bite marks.But most split trace of samples with tapered profile had been cutted,of which some presented sharp implement with double side shaved,and some even obviously possessed hitted or scrapped “imprint”.It was confirmed that they were possibly the vestiges of Palaeohuman activation making bone tools.Conclusions:The analysis of geographical environment and geology structure of west region of Hunan Province revealed that Menghu cavity was possibly one of troglodytism sites for Paleolithic human or of activated places for paleovertebrates in Late Pleistocene Epoch around 100 000 ～50 000 years ago.

Key words: western , Hunan；Pleistocene Epoch;mammal;split trace of fossils;archaeology