journal6 ›› 2003, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 63-67.

• 信息与工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

易爆材料存放地意外爆炸伤亡人数的估算

  

  1. (中国科学技术大学力学和机械工程系,安徽 合肥230026)
  • 出版日期:2003-03-15 发布日期:2012-11-09
  • 作者简介:郭长铭(1943-),男,湖南省麻阳县人,中国科学技术大学力学和机械工程系教授,主要从事激波和爆轰波研究.

Estimation of the Probable Number of Fatalities in Accidental Explosion Occurred in Fixed Installation

  1. (Dept.of Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui China)
  • Online:2003-03-15 Published:2012-11-09

摘要:讨论了易爆材料固定存放地发生意外爆炸时伤亡人数的估算方法.根据对历史上大量意外爆炸事故数据的分析,在掌握易爆材料吨位的条件下,该方法可以确定可能的最大伤亡人数,估算某一伤亡人数范围出现的几率.分析中所用数据取自国际上公开发表的“重大公害事故数据库”,即MHIDAS (Major Hazard Incident Data Service).该数据库统计的伤亡人员死因包括爆炸产生的空气冲击波、有毒爆炸生成物的毒害、爆炸产生的抛射物的撞击、窒息等.其估算结果与国家对易爆材料固定存放地点的安全规定相结合,可以为风险保险业在这一类业务中的评估提供有价值的参考数据.

关键词: 爆炸事故, 伤亡人数, 统计分析, 最大可能伤亡人数, 伤亡人数范围

Abstract: This paper discusses the method for estimating the probable number of fatalities in accidental explosions in fixed installations.It enables the estimation of the maximum probable number of fatalities and the probability of certain range of fatalities.The analysis is based on the accumulated data of amount of explosible material involved in accidents occurred previously and the historical analysis of accidents.The data adopted in the paper are recorded in the MHIDAS (Major Hazard Incident Data Service) database up to January 1999 OSH (Occupational Safety and Health).According to the type of collected data,the number of fatalities derived in accidents is not only due to the overpressure of shock waves,but also due to the missile impact,poisoning and suffocation,etc.The results are useful for the evaluation of the tolerability of certain risks,for performing risk analysis in industrial areas and insurance trade under certain safety regulations.

Key words: accidental explosion, fatalities, historical analysis, maximum probable number of fatalities, range of fatalities

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