儿童过敏性紫癜研究进展

doi:10.13438/j.cnki.jdzk.2020.03.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

从流行病学、病因和发病机制、临床表现、辅助检查、诊断标准、治疗方法、预后及随访等方面对儿童过敏性紫癜（HSP)的研究进行了综述.已有的研究充分表明，HSP病因及发病机制尚不明确，免疫及遗传的作用机制还需进一步研究.HSP在临床上缺乏特异性的检查手段，主要依靠患儿症状及体征来诊断；当患儿出现罕见或不常见的临床表现时，组织病理学分析就显得尤为重要.目前国内外尚无统一性及特异性的治疗方案，病情轻者多以对症治疗为主，病情严重者多采用激素进行个体化治疗，但相关的治疗方案还需大样本、多中心临床试验研究以及循证医学验证.HSP短期预后较好，长期预后主要与肾脏受累相关，而减少肾脏受累的关键在于早发现，早诊断，早治疗.

关键词： 过敏性紫癜, 免疫性疾病, 儿童

Abstract:

The study of Henoch-Schonleinpurpura (HSP) in children was reviewed in terms of epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination, diagnostic criteria, treatment methods, prognosis and follow-up. Existing studies had fully demonstrated that, the etiology and pathogenesis of HSP werenot clear, and the mechanism of immune and genetic actionstill needs to be further studied. There is lack of specific means of clinical examination, so the diagnosis of HSP in children mainly depends on the symptoms and signs. The histopathological analysis of the patients is especially important when there are rare or uncommon clinical manifestations. At present, there is no unified and specific treatment plan of HSP at home and abroad. Most of the patients with mild illness were treated symptomatically, and most of the patients with severe illness were treated individually with hormone. However, large sample size, multi-center Randomized Controlled Trial (RTC) studies, and evidence-based medical validation are needed for relevant treatment plan of HSP. The short-term prognosis of HSP is better, and the long-term prognosis is mainly related to renal involvement. The key to reduce renal involvement lies in early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.

Key words: hench-schonleinpurpura, immune disease, children

谭奇良，梅帅虎，刘权娥，周楚，罗雪梅. 儿童过敏性紫癜研究进展[J]. 吉首大学学报（自然科学版）, DOI: 10.13438/j.cnki.jdzk.2020.03.014.

TAN Qiliang, MEI Shuaihu, LIU Quane, ZHOU Chu, LUO Xuemei. A Summary of Research on the Henoch-Schonleinpurpura in Children[J]. Journal of Jishou University（Natural Sciences Edition), DOI: 10.13438/j.cnki.jdzk.2020.03.014.

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