虾夷扇贝的摄食生理及其在獐子岛海域的群体滤水能力

journal6 ›› 2007, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 85-90.

虾夷扇贝的摄食生理及其在獐子岛海域的群体滤水能力

（1.中科院海洋研究所，山东青岛 266003；中国科学院研究生院，北京 100049；2.中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所，山东青岛 266071；3.大连獐子岛渔业集团股份有限公司，大连 116001）

出版日期:2007-07-25 发布日期:2012-06-15
作者简介:张继红(1969-)，女，吉林人，中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所副研究员，中科院海洋研究所博士生，主要从事贝类养殖理论与养殖技术研究.
基金资助:
国家863课题“筏式养殖工程设施及生态养殖技术(2006AA100304)”；国家科技支撑计划 “浅海典型生境高效生态增养殖技术研究与示范”课题；企业资助课题“獐子岛海域养殖容量研究”联合资助

Feeding Physiology of Scallop Patinopecten Yessoensis and Population Filtering Capacity in Zhang Zidao Island Aquacultural Area

(1.Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266003,Shandong China;Graduate University of Chinese Academy ofSciences,Beijing 100049,China;2.Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science,Qingdao 266071,Shandong China;3.Zhang Zidao Island Fisheries Group,Dalian 116001 Shandong China)

Online:2007-07-25 Published:2012-06-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：为了獐子岛海域虾夷扇贝养殖容量评估模型的建立，采用模拟现场流水系统和生物沉积方法测定了不同规格虾夷扇贝在不同季节的滤水率（CR）、摄食率和吸收效率，并探讨了温度与滤水率的关系.通过断面生物量调查，获得该海域虾夷扇贝的壳高频率分布情况.结果显示，5月份虾夷扇贝的滤水率最大.其它3个月份虾夷扇贝的滤水率差异不显著，10月份的吸收效率最低.温度（T）与滤水率（CR）呈抛物线的关系，在本实验的条件下，虾夷扇贝摄食的最适温度为10 ℃.滤水率与壳高呈典型的幂函数关系.根据滤水率与壳高的关系、獐子岛海域养殖虾夷扇贝的壳高频率分布情况以及总生物量，推算出不同月份的群体滤水能力，结合獐子岛的潮差、水面面积等数据，计算出其在该海域的食物限制性指标——清滤效率.结果显示:目前獐子岛养殖虾夷扇贝的清滤效率平均为0.054<1，虾夷扇贝的养殖量低于养殖容量，在养殖密度和规模上，尚有很大的发展空间.

关键词： 虾夷扇贝, 摄食生理, 獐子岛, 养殖容量

Abstract: For the purpose of establishing the evaluation model of patiaopecten yessoensis carrying capacity in Zhang Zidao Island waters,the semi-in-situ flowing-through system and the biogenic sediment method were used to measure the clearance rate (CR),feeding and intaking rate of difference size scallops in different seasons.The relationship of clearance rate and water temperature was studied.Through 4 transect’s field surveys,the biomass and shell heights distribution in the areas were got.The results showed that among these experimental conditions,the clearance rate (CR) was highest in May,average CR was 1.05±0.25 L.ind-1.h-1.The relationship of water temperature and CR is same as the parabola line,the CR arrived the peak value at 10 ℃.According to the relationship of CR and shell height,the biomass and shell height distribution in the areas,the population clearance rates in different months were calculated.And combining with the data of average tide range and total surface areas,the food limited indictor-clearance efficiency (CE) was assessed;the average value of CE was 0.054,which was much lower than 1.The results showed that the cultivated density in Zhang Zidao Island is lower than the carrying capacity,which means that the aquacultural industry of the scallop in the area still has a large potential developing space.

Key words: Patinopecten yessoensis, feeding physiology, Zhang Zidao Island, carrying capacity

张继红, 方建光, 王巍, 蒋增杰, 臧有才, 王诗欢, 张媛. 虾夷扇贝的摄食生理及其在獐子岛海域的群体滤水能力[J]. journal6, 2007, 28(4): 85-90.

ZHANG Ji-Hong, FANG Jian-Guang, WANG Wei, JIANG Zeng-Jie, ZANG You-Cai, WANG Shi-Huan, ZHANG Yuan. Feeding Physiology of Scallop Patinopecten Yessoensis and Population Filtering Capacity in Zhang Zidao Island Aquacultural Area[J]. journal6, 2007, 28(4): 85-90.

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